EN: Architecture of Consciousness. Part One: Logic and Morphology of Neural Network  

 

Źródło/source:

Roczniki Filozoficzne, 63(2015), nr 1

 
Strony/pages: 139-171  

 

http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rf.2015.63.1-9

 

Streszczenie

Celem pracy jest wskazanie na podstawowe procesy neurologiczne i biofizyczne konstytuujące kompleksowy model umysłu świadomego. Przedstawiono zarówno model obliczeniowy działania neuronowych pól tworzących mentalne reprezentacje rzeczywistości, jak i biologiczne koncepcje realizacji tych funkcji mózgu. Wyjaśniono motywacje ludzkiego i zwierzęcego działania. Przedstawiono koncepcje, jak powstaje świadomość oraz jak rozpoznajemy, że jesteśmy świadomi, co objaśnia także problem samoświadomości. Wskazano, że zrozumienie fenomenu świadomości usuwa antynomię teleologicznego i przyczynowego charakteru natury ludzkiej, co niweluje dualizm cielesnego i duchowego charakteru substancji tworzącej nasze umysły. W części pierwszej przedstawiono ograniczenia koncepcji obliczeniowego modelu rozpoznawania poprzez porównywanie i poszukiwanie podobieństw wzorców według Perłovsky’ego oraz wskazano na sposób rozwinięcia tej koncepcji poprzez uwzględnienie morfologii i biologicznych funkcji sieci neuronowej mózgów naturalnych. Pokazano, że neuronowe pola synaptyczne o strukturze hierarchicznej impresjonów w rozumieniu hipotezy Vadakkana mogą spełniać role neuronowych pól modelujących zaangażowanych w główne procesy psychiczne. Zauważono, że rozszerzony w ten sposób poziom analizy funkcji mózgu w dalszym ciągu nie pozwala na wyjaśnienie fenomenu świadomości i konieczne jest przeanalizowanie podłoża biochemicznego i molekularnego tych procesów, co zostanie przedstawione w następnych częściach pracy.

 

Summary

The aim of this paper is to indicate basic neural and biophysical processes which constitute the phenomenon of conscious brain. The paper includes the computational model of neural modelling fields (NMF), which form mental representations of reality as well as biological concepts regarding the way these brain functions are implemented. The motivation of human and animal activity is also explained. The concepts regarding the emergence of consciousness are discussed, along with the perception of being conscious and the issue of self-awareness. It was demonstrated that the understanding of the phenomenon of consciousness eliminates the antinomy of a teleological and causative character of human nature, which, in turn, concludes the discussion on the duality of the physical or spiritual nature of the matter of which our minds are created. In the first part of this essay limitation of the computational model of recognition through comparison and detection patterns similarities according Perlovsky dynamic logic applied to the NMF is discussed. Further improvement of this concept was demonstrated taking under consideration morphology and biological functions of the neural network of natural brains. Neural synaptic fields can play the role of NMF and crate hierarchical structure of semblions according to Vadakkan hypothesis responsible for major psychical functions. Even deeper level of brain functions analyse hereunder doesn’t explain the consciousness phenomenon. For this goal biochemical and molecular background of these processes is necessary what will be described in following parts of this essay.

 

 

Słowa kluczowe: samoświadomość; impresjon; instynkt rozumienia; model umysłu; neuronowe pole modelujące; pola synaptyczne

 

Key words: consciousness; semblion; perception instinct; model of the brain; neural modeling field; synaptic fields.

 

 

Bibliografia/References:

  1. ABBOTT Larry F. (2008), Theoretical Neuroscience Rising, „Neuron” Vol. 60, Issue 3, 489-495, 6 November.
  2. ANASTASSIOU Costas A., MONTGOMERY Sean M., BARAHONA Mauricio, BUZSÁKI György &KOCH Christof (2010), The Effect of Spatially Inhomogeneous Extracellular Electric Fields on Neurons, „The Journal of Neuroscience” 30, 1925-1936.
  3. ANASTASSIOU Costas A., PERIN Rodrigo, MARKRAM Henry, KOCH Christof (2011), Ephaptic Coupling of Cortical Neurons, „Nature Neuroscence” Vol. 14, No. 2, Febr.
  4. BAARS Bernard J. (1997), In the Theater of Consciousness, New York: Oxford University Press.
  5. BAARS Bernard J. (1988), A Cognitive Theory of Consciousness, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  6. BERNAT James L. (2009), Chronic Consciousness Disorders, „Annual Review of Medicine”, Vol. 60, 381-392.
  7. BINZEGGER Tom, DOUGLAS Rodney J., MARTIN Kevan A.C. (2004), A Quantitative Map of the Circuit of Cat Primary Visual Cortex, „The Journal of Neuroscience” 24, 8441-8453.
  8. BISHOP Christopher M. (1996), Neural Networks for Pattern Recognition, New York: Oxford University Press.
  9. BRODZIAK Andrzej (2001), Neurophysiology of the Mental Image, „Medical Science Monitor” 7(3), 534-538.
  10. CHALMERS David J. (1995), Facing Up to the Problem of Consciousness, „Journal of Consciousness Studies” 2, 200-219.
  11. CHALMERS David J. (1996), The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  12. CHALMERS David J. (1998), On the Search for the Neural Correlate of Consciousness, [w:] S. AMEROFF, A. KASZNIAK, and A. SCOTT (eds.), Toward a Science of Consciousness II: The Second Tucson Discussions and Debates, Cambridge: MIT Press, 219-230.
  13. COGGAN Jay S., BARTOL Thomas M., ESQUENAZI Eduardo, STILES Joel R., LAMONT Stephan, MARTONE Maryann E., BERG Darwin K., ELLISMAN Mark H., SEJNOWSKI Terrence J. (2005), Evidence for Ectopic Neurotransmission at a Neuronal Synapse, „Science” 309, 446-451.
  14. CRICK Francis (1997), Zdumiewająca hipoteza, tłum. B. Chacińska-Abramowicz, M. Abrahamowicz, Warszawa: Prószyński i S-ka.
  15. DEECKE Lüder (2012), There Are Conscious and Unconscious Agendas in the Brain and Both Are Important-Our Will Can Be Conscious as Well as Unconscious, „Brain Sciences” 2, 405-420.
  16. DEHAENE Stanislas & NACCACHE Lionel (2001), Towards a Cognitive Neuroscience of Consciousness: Basic Evidence and a Workspace Framework, „Cognition” 79, 1-37.
  17. DEMING Ross, SCHINDLER John, PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (2009), Multi-Target/Multi-Sensor Tracking Using Only Range and Doppler Measurements, „IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems” Vol. 45, No. 2, April.
  18. DENNETT Daniel C. (1988), Quining Qualia, [w:] A. MARCEL and E. BISIACH (eds.), Consciousness in Modern Science, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 121-158.
  19. DUCH Włodzisław (2010), Architektury kognitywne. Neurocybernetyka teoretyczna, ed. R. Tadeusiewicz, rozdz. 14, s. 329-361.
  20. EDELMAN Gerald M. (1999), Przenikliwe powietrze, jasny ogień. O materii umysłu, tłum. J. Rączaszek, Warszawa: PIW 1999.
  21. FAVOROV Oleg V., KURSUN Olcay (2011), Neocortical layer 4 as a pluripotent function linearizer, „Journal of Neurophysiology” Vol. 105, No. 3 (March), 1342-1360.
  22. FELDMEYER Dirk, EGGER Veronica, LÜBKE Joachim, SAKMANN Bert (1999), Reliable Synaptic Connections between Pairs of Excitatory Layer 4 Neurones within a Single ‘Barrel’ of Developing Rat Somatosensory Cortex, „The Journal of Physiology” 521, 169-190.
  23. FELL Jürgen, KLAVER Peter, ELGER Christian E., FERNANDEZ Guillén (2002), The Interaction of Rhinal Cortex and Hippocampus in Human Declarative Memory Formation, „Review of Neuroscience” 13, 299-312.
  24. FELL Jürgen, FERNANDEZ Gillén, KLAVER Peter, ELGER Christian E., FRIES Pascal (2003), Is Synchronized Neuronal Gamma Activity Relevant for Selective Attention?, „Brain Research. Brain Research Reviews” 42, 265-272.
  25. FRIES Pascal, REYNOLDS John H., RORIE Alan E., DESIMONE Robert (2001), Modulation of Oscillatory Neuronal Synchronization by Selective Visual Attention, „Science” 291, 1560-1563.
  26. GROSSBERG Stephen (1982), Studies of Mind and Brain, Dordrecht, Holland: D. Reidel.
  27. GROSSBERG Stephen (2000), Linking Mind to Brain: The Mathematics of Biological Intelligence, CAS/CNS Technical Report Series, No 016.
  28. GROSBERG Stephen (2000), The Complementary Brain: Unifying Brain Dynamics and Modularity, „Trends in Cognitive Science” 4, 233-246.
  29. GRUBER Thomas, TSIVILIS Dimitris, MONTALDI Daniela, MULLER Matthias M. (2004), Induced Gamma Band Responses: An Early Marker of Memory Encoding and Retrieval, „Neuroreport” 15, 1837-1841.
  30. HAIKONEN PENTTI O. (2012), Consciousness and Robot Sentience, Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co.
  31. HICKOK Gregory & POEPPEL David (2007), The Cortical Organization of Speech Processing, „Nature Reviews Neuroscience” 8, 393-402.
  32. HORTON Jonathan C., ADAMS Daniel L. (2005), The Cortical Column: A Structure without a Function, „Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological sciences” 360 (1456), 837-62.
  33. HURLEY Susan (1998), Consciousness in Action, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  34. INGLE David (1982), Analysis of Visual Behavior, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  35. JONES Edward G. (2000), Microcolumns in the Cerebral Cortex, „Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” Vol. 97, No. 10, 5019-5021.
  36. LAIRD Johnson (1993), The Computer and the Mind, 2nd ed., Fontana Press, UK.
  37. LISMAN John E., IDIART Marco A. (1995), Storage of 7 +/– 2 Short-term Memories in Oscillatory Subcycles, „Science” 267, 1512-1515.
  38. LOWE David (2003), Radial Basis Function Networks, [w:] The Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks, 2nd ed., ed. by Arbib MA, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  39. MAKINO Hiroshi, MALINOW Roberto (2009), AMPA Receptor Incorporation into Synapses during LTP: The Role of Lateral Movement and Exocytosis, „Neuron” 64, 381-390.
  40. VON DER MALSBURG Christoph (1981), The Correlation Theory of Brain Function, – Originally published July 1981 as Internal Report 81-2, Dept. of Neurobiology, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 3400 Göttingen, Germany.
  41. MARKRAM Henry, PERIN Rodrigo (2011), Innate Neural Assemblies for Lego memory, „Frontiers in Neural Circuits” Vol. 5, Art. 6.
  42. MILNER David A., GOODALE Melvyn A. (2008), Mózg wzrokowy w działaniu, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. Seria: Biblioteka Psychologii Współczesnej.
  43. MILSTEIN Joshua N., KOCH Christof (2008), Dynamic Moment Analysis of the Extracellular Electric Field of a Biologically Realistic Spiking, „Neuron” Vol. 20, No. 8, 2070-2084.
  44. MINSKY Marvin (1980), K-Lines: A Theory of Memory, „Cognitive Science” 4, 117-l 33.
  45. MINSKY Marvin (1993), Book Review: Allen Newell, Unified Theories of Cognition. Artificial Intelligence in Perspective, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 59, 343-354.
  46. NOË Alva (2005), Action in Perception, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  47. NOË Alva (2009), Out of Our Heads: Why You Are Not Your Brain, and Other Lessons from the Biology of Consciousness, New York: Hill & Wang.
  48. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (1997), Multiple Sensor Fusion and Neural Network. DARPA Neural Network Study, Lexingtom, MA: MIT Lincoln Laboratory.
  49. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (1998), Conundrum of Combinatorial Complexity, „IEEE Transactions on Patern Analysis and Machine Intelligence” Vol. 20, No. 6, June 1998.
  50. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (2001), Neural Networks and Intellect: Using Model Based Concepts, New York: Oxford University Press.
  51. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (2002), Aesthetic and Mathemetical Theories of Intelect, Moscow: Iskusstvoznanie 2(02).
  52. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (2005), Music – The First Principle. Role of Music in Evolution of Consciousness, „Musical Theater”, E-journal, http://www.ceo.spb.ru/libretto/kon_lan/ogl.shtmlUTH
  53. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (2006a), Toward Physics of the Mind: Concepts, Emotions, Consciousness, and Symbols, „Physics of Life Reviews” 3(1), 22-55.
  54. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (2006b), The Knowledge Instinct, New York: Basic Books.
  55. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (2007a), Cognitive High Level Information Fusion, „Information Sciences” 177, 2099-2118.
  56. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (2007b), Consciousness and Music. St. Petersburg University for Philosophy and Religion, Invited Lecture, St. Petersburg, Russia.
  57. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (2008a), Religion from Purely Scientific Point of View. Invited Lecture at Science and Religion Seminar Workshop, University of Arizona, Tempe, AZ.
  58. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (2008b), Music and Consciousness, „Leonardo. Journal of Arts, Sciences and Technology” 41(4), 420-421.
  59. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (2008c), Sapience, Consciousness, and the Knowledge Instinct (Prolegomena to a Physical Theory), [w:] R.V. MAYORGA, L.I. PERLOVSKY, Toward Artificial Sapience. Principles and Methods for Wise Systems, London: Springer Verlag, 33-60.
  60. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (2009a), Cognitive Computational Intelligence: Data Mining, Financial Prediction, Tracking, Fusion, Language, Cognition, and Cultural Evolution. Tutorial, the IASTED International Conference on Computational Intelligence. 17-19, Honolulu, HI. Aug.
  61. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (2009b), Intersections of Mathematical, Cognitive, and Aesthetic Theories of Mind, „Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and Art” Vol. 4(1), Feb. 2010, 11-17.
  62. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (2010a), Mathematical Equivalence of Evolution and Design, „Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics” Vol. 8, No. 6.
  63. PERLOVSKY Leonid I., ILIN Roman (2010), Neurally and Mathematically Motivated Architecture for Language and Thought, „The Open Neuroimaging Journal” 4, 70-80.
  64. PERLOVSKY Leonid I., DEMING Ross W. (2010), Maximum Likelihood Joint Tracking and Association in a Strong Clutter, „IEEE Transactions on Magnetics”.
  65. PERLOVSKY Leonid I. (2010b), Musical emotions: Functions, origin, evolution, „Physics of Life Reviews” 7(1), 2-27.
  66. PERLOVSKY Leonid I., CABANAC Arnaud, BONNIOT-CABANAC Marie-Claude, CABANAC Michel (2012), Mozart Effect, Cognitive Dissonance and the Pleasure of Music, „Quantitative Biology; Neurons and Cognition”, in press, deliv.: 15 Sept.
  67. PETERSEN Carl C.H., SAKMANN Bert (2000), The Excitatory Neuronal Network of Layer 4 Barrel Cortex, „Journal of Neuroscience” 20, 7579-7586.
  68. RAMACHANDRAN Vilayanur S., and HUBBARD Edward M. (2001), Synaesthesia – a Window intoPerception, Thought and Language, „Journal of Consciousness Studies” 8, 3-34.
  69. TAYLOR John G. (1992), Towards a Neural Network Model of Mind, „Neural Network World” 2, 797-812.
  70. TAYLOR John G. (1998), Constructing the Relational Mind, „Psyche” 4(10), June 1998.
  71. TAYLOR John G. (1998), The Race for Consciousness, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  72. TYE Kay M., STUBER Garret D., RIDDER Bram de, BONCI Antonello, JANAK Patricia H. (2008), Rapid Strengthening of Thalamo-amygdala Synapses Mediates Cue-reward Learning, „Nature” 453, 1253-1257.
  73. ULLMAN Shimon (1996), High Level Vision: Object Recognition and Visual Cognition, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  74. THOMSON Alex M., WEST David C., WANG Yun, BANNISTER A. Peter (2002), Synaptic Connections and Small Circuits Involving Excitatory and Inhibitory Neurons in Layers 2–5 of Adult Rat and Cat Neocortex: Triple Intracellular Recordings and Biocytin Labelling in Vitro, „Cerebral Cortex” 12, 936-953.
  75. VADAKKAN Kunjumon I. (2010), Framework of Consciousness from Semblance of Activity at Functionally LINKed Postsynaptic Membranes, „Frontiers in Psychology (Consciousness Research)” 10.
  76. VADAKKAN Kunjumon I. (2011), Processing Semblances Induced through Inter-Postsynaptic Functional LINKs, Presumed Biological Parallels of K-lines Proposed for Building Artificial Intelligence, „Frontiers in Neuroengineering” 4(8).
  77. VADAKKAN Kunjumon I. (2012), The Nature of “Internal Sensations” of Higher Brain Functions May Be Derived from the Design Rules for Artificial Machines That Can Produce Them, „Journal of Biological Engineering” 6-21.
  78. VELMANS Max (2009), How to Define Consciousness – and How Not to Define Consciousness, „Journal of Consciousness Studies” 16(5), 139-156.
  79. ZWAAN Rolf A. & RADVANSKY Gabriel A. (1998), Situation models in language comprehension and memory, „Psychological Bulletin” 123(2), 162-185.

 

Informacja o Autorze/Information about Author:

Dr inż. Wiesław Galus – pracownik Eutherm Sp. z o.o.; adres do korespondencji: ul. Zachodzącego Słońca 46, 01-495 Warszawa; e-mail: w.galus@eutherm.eu

 

 

Cytowanie/Citation information:

Galus, Wiesław. 2015. "Architektura świadomości. Część I: Logika i morfologia sieci neuronowej." Roczniki Filozoficzne 63, 1: 139-171, http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rf.2015.63.1-9.

 

 

 

Autor: Anna Starościc
Ostatnia aktualizacja: 24.12.2015, godz. 01:05 - Anna Starościc